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    • Affirming Judicial Independence (1801–1835)
    • Rights, Commerce, and Reform (1874–1921)
    • Incorporating Rights (1953–1969)
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  • Explore the Eras
    • Affirming Judicial Independence (1801–1835)
    • Rights, Commerce, and Reform (1874–1921)
    • Incorporating Rights (1953–1969)
  • Hometowns Program
  • Educator Resources
    • Teaching the Judicial Branch
    • Three Branches Institute
    • Supreme Court Summer Institute
    • Landmark Cases

Voting

5 results
  • United States v. Cruikshank

    Significant Case

    The Supreme Court decision that limited the scope of the Fourteenth Amendment and weakened enforcement of federal Reconstruction policies.

  • The Election of 1876

    Significant Event

    The disputed presidential election that many scholars claim marked the end of post-Civil War Reconstruction.

  • Rights, Commerce, and Reform

    Era

    The end of Reconstruction and the start of Industrialization led to a 50-year era where the Supreme Court addressed constitutional questions about rights, commerce, and reform.

  • Joseph P. Bradley

    Life Story

    The Supreme Court Justice who held the deciding vote on the Electoral Commission for the presidential election of 1876.

  • Baker v. Carr

    Significant Case

    The landmark case that declared unequal representation in legislative districts to be unconstitutional and that the courts have jurisdiction over questions of legislative apportionment

Continue Exploring

  • Advocate

  • Circuit

  • A page of the New York Times displays the text

    First Amendment

  • Seven Black men, all dressed in suits, wait in line to board the front of a bus after the decision in Browder v. Gayle.

    Fourteenth Amendment

  • Landmark Case

  • Native Americans

  • Selective Incorporation

  • Women

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