Glossary

High society

People who are fashionable, wealthy, and influential, regarded as forming a distinct group in a community.

holding

The Court’s determination in a matter of law. Also called the opinion.

Housing covenants

contractual agreements for neighborhoods, especially in suburban areas, which regulate changes that can be made to a home; this sometimes included racially restrictive clauses that prohibited the sale of homes to Black families.

Ideology

a set of ideas and beliefs

Immersion

a method of teaching a foreign language by the exclusive use of that language, usually at a special school.

Impartial

unbiased or fair

Impeachment

Process by which a legislative body (Congress) initiates charges against a public official such as a President, Member of Congress, or Federal Judge for misconduct.

Implied Powers

Powers that are not stated in the Constitution but can be enforced.

Inadmissible

evidence that cannot be presented at trial.

Indictment

formal charge of a serious crime